Our paper “Simulating Strategic Interactions with AI Agents” is now published open access in the Strategic Management Journal.

We introduce a framework for using LLM-based AI agents as synthetic subjects in strategy research. In an exploration-exploitation setting with strategic interdependence, the simulations reproduce patterns observed in human experiments and help identify boundary conditions and new hypotheses for subsequent validation.

An earlier version, Theorizing with Large Language Models, circulated as NBER Working Paper No. 33033.

Citation: Tranchero, M., Brenninkmeijer, C.-F., Murugan, A., & Nagaraj, A. (2026). Simulating strategic interactions with AI agents. Strategic Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.70112